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1.
Before 1934

The Jewish section of the M.O.I.

2.
1934 - 1939

Against Fascism | Outbreak of War

3.
Jan 1940 - Sept 1940

The Occupation | Creation of “Solidarity”

4.
Sept 1940 - June 1941

State Antisemitism | Responses

5.
June - August 1941

Armed resistance

6.
August - Oct 1941

Execution of hostages

7.
Oct - Dec 1941

Persecutions | The Resistance

8.
Jan–Jul 1942

Vel’ d’Hiv Roundup | The FTP-M.O.I.

9.
July 1942 - Feb 1943

Rescue of Jewish Children


10.
August 1942 - May 1943

Stalingrad | Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

11.
1943

Creation of the UJRE

12.
Jan 1943 - Mar 1944

Repression | The Major Surveillance Operations

13.
Apr 1943 - March 1944

Unification of the Resistance

14.
Apr - Sep 1944

Insurrection and Liberation

15.
Oct 1944 - Nov 1945

End of the War | Reconstruction

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Salle 1 - The Jewish section of the M.O.I.
Before 1934

1. The Jewish section of the M.O.I.

Jewish Emigration Before 1914: State Borders in 1890.

The Assimilation of Jews in France

Pogroms

Naïe Presse

Jewish Section of the M.O.I.

The Communist Party and Foreign Workers: “United Front of French and Immigrant Workers,” L’Humanité, January 3, 1931.

Identity card (in German and Yiddish) issued by the German military administration of the Grodno region (present-day Belarus) on April 18, 1918. (front and back)

The Pale of Settlement for Jews in the Russian Empire (1791–1917).

Being a Jew

The October 12, 1883, issue of *Le Monde Pittoresque* depicts the Kiev pogrom of April 26, 1881.

A Jewish home devastated during the pogrom in Kichinev (Chisinau), Bessarabia (present-day Moldova), on April 6 and 7, 1903.

Five of the 49 victims of the 1903 pogrom in Kichinev (Chisinau), Bessarabia (now Moldova).

Lithograph following the first Kishinev pogrom (1903): U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt to Tsar Nicholas II of Russia: “Stop your cruel oppression of the Jews.”

A commemoration of the Odessa pogrom (October 18–21, 1905) in Russia, the deadliest in the city’s history. Russians, Ukrainians, and Greeks massacred more than 400 Jews.

In Vilna (Vilnius) before 1920. On the top sign, in Yiddish: “Newspaper Kiosk,” and below that, in large letters: *Le Monde Juif*.

Sheet music for a song composed in 1904 by Herman Schapiro of New York, based on the Kishinev pogrom (April 6 and 7, 1903).

Photograph: “After the Odessa Pogrom” (October 18–21, 1905), in Russia.

The bodies of the victims of the 1906 Bialystok pogrom in the courtyard of the Jewish hospital (Poland under Russian Occupation; now in Belarus).

La Croix, July 24, 1906.

Children who were victims of a pogrom carried out by Symon Petliura’s Ukrainian nationalists in 1919.

Menahem Beilis stands among Tsarist police officers before his trial: he is accused of committing a “ritual murder.” His trial in 1913 sparked outrage against the Russian Empire’s anti-Semitic policies.

A Polish anti-Semitic poster denouncing the Yiddish press and the Bolshevik *Pravda*.

Anti-Semitism

Anti-Semitic propaganda by the White Armies in 1919 denouncing “Jewish-Bolshevism” as embodied by Leon Trotsky.