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1.
Before 1934

The Jewish section of the M.O.I.

2.
1934 - 1939

Against Fascism | Outbreak of War

3.
Jan 1940 - Sept 1940

The Occupation | Creation of “Solidarity”

4.
Sept 1940 - June 1941

State Antisemitism | Responses

5.
June - August 1941

Armed resistance

6.
August - Oct 1941

Execution of hostages

7.
Oct - Dec 1941

Persecutions | The Resistance

8.
Jan–Jul 1942

Vel’ d’Hiv Roundup | The FTP-M.O.I.

9.
July 1942 - Feb 1943

Rescue of Jewish Children


10.
August 1942 - May 1943

Stalingrad | Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

11.
1943

Creation of the UJRE

12.
Jan 1943 - Mar 1944

Repression | The Major Surveillance Operations

13.
Apr 1943 - March 1944

Unification of the Resistance

14.
Apr - Sep 1944

Insurrection and Liberation

15.
Oct 1944 - Nov 1945

End of the War | Reconstruction

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Photos

The synagogue on Boerneplatz in Frankfurt am Main (Germany) in flames after the Kristallnacht pogrom on November 10, 1938.

Molotov signing the German-Soviet Pact on August 23, 1939, in the presence of Ribbentrop (left) and Stalin.

German soldiers tear down a barrier on the Polish border near Danzig on September 1, 1939.

Gurs Camp, commemorative plaque, 1980.

Interned at the Gurs camp under the guard of French gendarmes: among them were members of the Brigades and Spanish Republicans.

September 1939: A crowd of foreign volunteers in front of the War Ministry.

On October 2, 1939, the Workers’ and Peasants’ Group, composed of Communist elected officials, called for a vote in favor of a “just, fair, and lasting peace.”

A Gestetner mimeograph machine used to produce leaflets and underground newspapers.

On November 11, 1939, in Munich, Hitler paid tribute to the victims of the November 8 assassination attempt against Nazi leaders.

Registration of foreign volunteers on Rue de Lancry in Paris.

Jews who volunteered for the 22nd Foreign Volunteer Marching Regiment in 1939

Paris, Avenue des Champs-Élysées: Foreigners coming to enlist in the French army, 1939.

Pennant of the 22nd RMVE. The 21st, 22nd, and 23rd Regiments were composed primarily of Jews from Eastern Europe and Spanish Republicans.

The May 11, 1940, edition of *Paris-Soir* reported on the German army’s invasion of the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg.

German troops in Maastricht (Netherlands), May 10, 1940.

German tanks attacking in the Ardennes, France, 1940.

A column of Panzer IVs in a French village in May 1940.

The May 16, 1940, issue of *L’Humanité clandestine* denounced the imperialist war.

Gien after the Luftwaffe (Nazi air force) bombing on June 15, 1940.

Belgians and French on the roads during the exodus, Gien, June 19, 1940.

On June 14, 1940, the Wehrmacht (the Nazi army) marched through Paris.

On June 21, Ribbentrop, Keitel, Göring, Hess, Hitler, and Brauchitsch stood in front of the Armistice Car in Rethondes.

General Keitel and General Huntziger signed the Armistice of June 22, 1940.

Paris, June 23, 1940: Adolf Hitler and his general staff visit Paris after the signing of the armistice.