{"id":17002,"date":"2024-06-17T10:15:20","date_gmt":"2024-06-17T08:15:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/national-council-of-the-resistance-cnr\/"},"modified":"2026-06-22T16:35:09","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T14:35:09","slug":"national-council-of-the-resistance-cnr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/national-council-of-the-resistance-cnr\/","title":{"rendered":"National Council of the Resistance (CNR)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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The National Council of the Resistance (CNR), established in May 1943 at the initiative of General de Gaulle, unified the various movements of the domestic Resistance, ranging from the Republican right to the Communists.<\/p>

His program, adopted in March 1944, called for an \u201cimmediate action plan,\u201d as well as progressive social and economic reforms for the postwar period, including Social Security.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Jean Moulin, prefect of Eure-et-Loir, aware of the strength of the domestic Resistance, informed General de Gaulle, leader of the overseas Resistance based in England. The idea of unifying the various Resistance movements to increase their effectiveness was put forward, since only the FTPF and FTP-M.O.I.\u2014which were close to the Communists\u2014were organized as military units. <\/p>

Furthermore, the unification of the Resistance, which de Gaulle sought, reflected his desire to establish his authority among the Allies.<\/p>

<\/p>

On May 27, 1943, in Paris, the first meeting of the CNR took place, chaired by Jean Moulin, Charles de Gaulle\u2019s delegate in France. There were many obstacles, but seated around the table were representatives of eight major domestic Resistance movements, six political parties, and two labor unions, ranging from the Republican right to the Communists. <\/p>

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Jean Moulin was arrested by the Gestapo on June 21, 1943. He died the following month after being tortured. Georges Bidault became the second president of the CNR. <\/p>

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The CNR\u2019s program, \u201cLes Jours Heureux,\u201d was published on March 15, 1944, after a long development process and several drafts. Although it received little attention upon its release, the program came into its own during the years 1944\u201345. Its first section emphasizes the importance of immediate action through the establishment of patriotic militias working toward the liberation of France, while the second section outlines democratic economic and social measures inspired by communist values. <\/p>

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The measures to be implemented promote the elimination of all forms of discrimination suffered by Jews, the restitution of their property, respect for human dignity for all, social justice, the return of major means of production to the nation, and the right to work, retirement, education, and social security\u2026<\/p>

The influence of the contributions made by numerous members of the Resistance during the debates in the Provisional Consultative Assembly\u2014which met starting in 1943 in Algiers and later in Paris\u2014led to the adoption of ordinances with progressive provisions that embodied the ideas of the CNR\u2019s Program.<\/p>

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Differences of opinion among the various factions within the CNR largely explain the lack of references to secularism, women\u2019s suffrage, or the colonies.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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References:<\/strong><\/p>

\u2014 CNR, 1944, *Les Jours Heureux*<\/em>, Paris.<\/p>

\u2014 Andrieu, Claire, 1984, \u201cThe Common Program of the<\/em> Resistance,\u201d<\/em> Paris: Ed. de l\u2019\u00c9rudit. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The National Council of the Resistance (CNR), established in May 1943 at the initiative of General de Gaulle, unified the various movements of the domestic Resistance, ranging from the Republican right to the Communists. His program, adopted in March 1944, called for an \u201cimmediate action plan,\u201d as well as progressive social and economic reforms for […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[155],"tags":[],"salle":[206],"source":[],"zone-geo":[],"class_list":["post-17002","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-notes","salle-13-1-against-nazism-and-the-vichy-regime-a-convergence-of-forces"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17002","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17002"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17002\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17003,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17002\/revisions\/17003"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17002"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17002"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17002"},{"taxonomy":"salle","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/salle?post=17002"},{"taxonomy":"source","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/source?post=17002"},{"taxonomy":"zone-geo","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/zone-geo?post=17002"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}