{"id":16943,"date":"2024-06-17T10:13:46","date_gmt":"2024-06-17T08:13:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/national-front-for-the-struggle-for-the-liberation-and-independence-of-france\/"},"modified":"2026-06-22T16:30:13","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T14:30:13","slug":"national-front-for-the-struggle-for-the-liberation-and-independence-of-france","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/national-front-for-the-struggle-for-the-liberation-and-independence-of-france\/","title":{"rendered":"National Front for the Struggle for the Liberation and Independence of France"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

The \u201cNational Front for the Liberation and Independence of France,\u201d known as the National Front, was founded by the French Communist Party in May 1941. Its goal was to unite the various segments of French society to fight against the Nazi occupiers. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

   The manifesto \u201cFor the Formation of the National Front for the Independence of France,\u201d dated May 27, 1941, is addressed to \u201call those who wish to act as French citizens.\u201d In it, the PCF declares itself \u201cready to support any French government, any organization, and any individuals whose efforts are directed toward a genuine struggle against national oppression.\u201d <\/p>


<\/p>\n

   Having established itself in intellectual circles through the newspaper *L\u2019Universit\u00e9 libre*<\/em>, the National Front did not begin to grow until late 1942, driven by the Communists Pierre Villon and Madeleine Braun. In early April, a manifesto outlined the FN\u2019s goals: immediate action toward an uprising and the unification of the Resistance. <\/p>


<\/p>\n

   The objective is twofold: the creation of a \u201cFrench government headed by General de Gaulle and entrusting command of the armed forces to General Giraud\u201d and the unification of the [Resistance] movements into a single \u201cCombatant France.\u201d<\/p>


<\/p>\n

   In the fight against the STO and in support of draft dodgers\u2014organized into \u201ccombat groups\u201d (in the northern zone) and the Maquis (in the southern zone)\u2014the FN\u2019s local and departmental committees began to take shape during the summer of 1943.<\/p>


<\/p>\n

   At the same time, the \u201cthreshing strike\u201d (sabotage of harvesting machinery to prevent wheat from being supplied to Germany) demonstrated the fighting spirit of the farmers\u2019 committees. Following the Corsican uprising, the National Front\u2014recognized as a Resistance movement and represented by Pierre Villon\u2014played a key role in drafting the action program (adopted by the National Council of the Resistance, the CNR, on March 15, 1944). <\/p>


<\/p>\n

   Starting in January 1944, the National Front played a major role in the armed Resistance. It quickly established its authority over the FTP. <\/p>\n

In late 1943, in the northern zone, an underground printing press run by C\u00e9cile Cerf, a member of the FTP-M.O.I. Resistance movement, published and reproduced leaflets and underground newspapers for the National Front-FTP and the FTP-M.O.I. until May 1944.<\/p>


<\/p>\n

   During the fighting for the Liberation, the National Front played an active role in the national uprising. By the end of January 1945, the organization had 600,000 members. <\/p>\n


<\/em><\/p>


<\/em><\/p>

Note: Jean-Marie Le Pen, a far-right leader, appropriated the name \u201cFront National\u201d to create a political party (from 1972 to 2018), in complete contradiction to the values of the original Front National.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

References:<\/strong><\/p>

\u2014 Daniel Virieux in: F. Marcot (ed.) 2006, *Historical Dictionary of the Resistance*. <\/em>Robert Laffont.<\/p>

\u2014 Ludwik Gronowski, alias Brunot, FFI commander, former national leader of the National Front within the M.O.I. 1958, Certificate of Resistance. Washington <\/em>, USHMM.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The \u201cNational Front for the Liberation and Independence of France,\u201d known as the National Front, was founded by the French Communist Party in May 1941. Its goal was to unite the various segments of French society to fight against the Nazi occupiers.    The manifesto \u201cFor the Formation of the National Front for the Independence […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[155],"tags":[],"salle":[194],"source":[],"zone-geo":[],"class_list":["post-16943","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-notes","salle-11-1-the-communist-jewish-resistance-movement"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16943","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16943"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16943\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16946,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16943\/revisions\/16946"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16943"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16943"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16943"},{"taxonomy":"salle","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/salle?post=16943"},{"taxonomy":"source","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/source?post=16943"},{"taxonomy":"zone-geo","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/zone-geo?post=16943"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}