{"id":16909,"date":"2024-06-17T10:17:40","date_gmt":"2024-06-17T08:17:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/cnr-program\/"},"modified":"2026-06-22T16:27:50","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T14:27:50","slug":"cnr-program","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/cnr-program\/","title":{"rendered":"CNR Program"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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The National Council of the Resistance (CNR), founded in May 1943 at the behest of General de Gaulle, brought together all the Resistance movements, from the Republican right to the Communists. The goal was to unify the various factions of the domestic Resistance under the authority of the Gaullist foreign Resistance forces. <\/p>

Jean Moulin, the first president of the CNR, chosen by de Gaulle, was arrested by the Gestapo on June 21, 1943. He died the following month after being tortured. Georges Bidault became the second president. <\/p>

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The CNR\u2019s program, *Les jours heureux*<\/em>, adopted unanimously, was published on March 15, 1944, after a long process and several drafts. Although it received little attention upon its release, this program came into its own during the years 1944\u201345. It called for \u201cmeasures designed to establish, as soon as the territory was liberated, a more just social order.\u201d <\/p>

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The first section<\/strong> expresses his determination to \u201cdefeat Nazi Germany\u201d and emphasizes the importance of immediate military action, including the establishment of patriotic militias in towns and villages.<\/p>

<\/p>

The second part<\/strong> outlines democratic measures:<\/p>

\u2014 Restoration of universal suffrage.<\/p>

\u2014 Freedom of thought, conscience, and expression.<\/p>

\u2014 Freedom of assembly and demonstration.<\/p>

\u2014 Equality before the law.<\/p>

It is in the economic and social spheres that the influence of communist values is most evident:<\/p>

\u2014 A return to national control over major means of production, all energy sources, and major banks.<\/p>

\u2014 Worker participation and union rights.<\/p>

\u2014 Promoting workers within the company.<\/p>

\u2014 Wage increases.<\/p>

\u2014 A comprehensive social security program that includes, among other things, health care, job security, social assistance, the right to work, labor law, and expanded pension benefits.<\/p>

<\/p>

The CNR calls for \u201cthe extension of political, social, and economic rights to indigenous and colonial populations\u201d and does not overlook culture or education for all, encouraging the rise of an elite based on merit rather than birth.<\/p>

Furthermore, the measures to be implemented promote the elimination of all forms of discrimination against Jews, the restitution of their property, respect for human dignity, and social justice for all.<\/p>

<\/p>

The influence of the speeches by numerous members of the Resistance and the debates in the Provisional Consultative Assembly\u2014which convened in Algiers starting in 1943 and then in Paris after the Liberation\u2014led to the adoption of ordinances embodying the ideas of the CNR\u2019s program.<\/p>

Differences of opinion among the various factions within the Council explain, among other things, the absence of direct references to secularism or women\u2019s suffrage.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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References:<\/strong><\/p>

\u2014 CNR, 1944, *Les Jours heureux*<\/em>, Paris.<\/p>

\u2014 Andrieu, Claire, 1984, \u201cThe Common Program of the<\/em> Resistance,\u201d<\/em> Paris: Ed. de l\u2019Erudit, <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The National Council of the Resistance (CNR), founded in May 1943 at the behest of General de Gaulle, brought together all the Resistance movements, from the Republican right to the Communists. The goal was to unify the various factions of the domestic Resistance under the authority of the Gaullist foreign Resistance forces. Jean Moulin, the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[155],"tags":[],"salle":[189],"source":[],"zone-geo":[],"class_list":["post-16909","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-notes","salle-13-3-the-national-council-of-the-resistances-program-and-combat-operations-on-the-ground"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16909","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16909"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16909\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16912,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16909\/revisions\/16912"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16909"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16909"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16909"},{"taxonomy":"salle","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/salle?post=16909"},{"taxonomy":"source","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/source?post=16909"},{"taxonomy":"zone-geo","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/zone-geo?post=16909"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}