{"id":16732,"date":"2024-06-17T10:22:30","date_gmt":"2024-06-17T08:22:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/living-in-hiding\/"},"modified":"2026-06-22T16:15:02","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T14:15:02","slug":"living-in-hiding","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/living-in-hiding\/","title":{"rendered":"Living in Hiding"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

In times of war, \u201cliving underground\u201d is defined as \u201cthe state of a person who, under enemy Occupation, leads a secret life and participates in acts of Resistance.\u201d The living conditions of Resistance fighters who went underground were governed by strict rules. They had to limit their contacts, change their place of residence frequently, and carry false papers. <\/p>

The Resistance fighters in the Jewish section were forced to operate in secret in two ways.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

    As early as the summer of 1940, the clandestine Jewish Resistance organization \u201cSolidarit\u00e9\u201d was established. Many young communists, most of whom were immigrants from Eastern Europe, joined the Jewish Communist Youth to wage a specific struggle and gradually went underground. They had to follow very strict security protocols. <\/p>\n

    <\/p>

Resistance fighters who were already involved in actions against the German authorities and collaborators went underground\u2014especially starting in 1942\u2014equipped with false identification cards and living in \u201csafe houses\u201d under assumed names. They were able to join the Resistance thanks to the Resistance organization, to the support of loved ones, and to a segment of the French population that wanted to help the Resistance fighters despite the risks involved. Adhering to strict guidelines was sometimes difficult, especially for young activists who were far from their families. <\/p>


<\/p>\n

   For these underground resistance fighters, it is essential to go unnoticed, to blend in with the crowd, and to dress like everyone else. The underground organization provides some financial support to those who become full-time members. It connects them with networks that produce forged documents\u2014such as ration cards, work permits, travel permits, and exemptions from the STO\u2014which are printed by clandestine printing presses. <\/p>


<\/p>\n

    There are various levels of clandestinity: for example, members of the UJRE combat groups, although in possession of false papers, continue to work and sometimes live with their families, whereas the FTP-M.M.O.I. are subject to strict secrecy, are not allowed to engage in any professional activity, have no contact with their families, and are paid by their organization to survive.<\/p>


<\/p>\n

   In the face of repression, and despite the activists\u2019 vigilance, police officers from the Special Brigades\u2014deployed in large numbers\u2014managed to infiltrate certain networks. Arrested and tortured, members of the Resistance died without revealing their true identities. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Reference:<\/strong><\/p>

Robert Endewelt, 2009, *The Jews Resisted in France* (The Involvement of Young Parisian Jews in the Resistance with the M.O.I. 1940\u20131945). Published by <\/em>AACCE <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In times of war, \u201cliving underground\u201d is defined as \u201cthe state of a person who, under enemy Occupation, leads a secret life and participates in acts of Resistance.\u201d The living conditions of Resistance fighters who went underground were governed by strict rules. They had to limit their contacts, change their place of residence frequently, and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[155],"tags":[],"salle":[172],"source":[],"zone-geo":[],"class_list":["post-16732","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-notes","salle-7-1-anti-jewish-legal-measures-the-m-o-i-s-response"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16732","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16732"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16732\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16734,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16732\/revisions\/16734"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16732"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16732"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16732"},{"taxonomy":"salle","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/salle?post=16732"},{"taxonomy":"source","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/source?post=16732"},{"taxonomy":"zone-geo","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/zone-geo?post=16732"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}