{"id":16465,"date":"2024-05-17T15:27:30","date_gmt":"2024-05-17T13:27:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/musee\/insurrection-and-liberation\/2-the-final-flickerings-of-collaboration-and-nazism\/"},"modified":"2026-06-22T15:20:44","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T13:20:44","slug":"2-the-final-flickerings-of-collaboration-and-nazism","status":"publish","type":"musee","link":"https:\/\/www.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/musee\/insurrection-and-liberation\/2-the-final-flickerings-of-collaboration-and-nazism\/","title":{"rendered":"2 – The Final Flickerings of Collaboration and Nazism"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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The French Militia<\/a>, the “ <\/strong>” (established in January 1943)\u2014the armed wing of the Vichy<\/a> government against the Resistance and an auxiliary force of the Gestapo<\/a>\u2014continued and intensified its hunt for Jews and all opponents of Nazism under the leadership of its secretary general, Joseph Darnand.<\/p>

<\/strong><\/p>

In 1944, with Liberation just around the corner, the French Militia rushed to carry out assassinations. All members of the resistance are being targeted, whether French or foreign.<\/p>

The year was marked by a relentless crackdown on the Resistance.<\/p>

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Joseph Epstein<\/a>, known as Colonel Gilles, military commander of the FTP in \u00cele-de-France and the true pioneer of urban guerrilla<\/a> tactics <\/strong>is one of the many victims of the Vichy regime. After being tortured, he was shot by a firing squad on April 11, 1944, at Mont-Val\u00e9rien<\/a>. Another 28 resistance fighters suffered the same fate.<\/p>

Suzanne Spaak<\/a>, a member of the MNCR<\/a> and a Protestant who saved many Jewish children, was <\/strong>executed by the Gestapo thirteen days before the liberation of Paris.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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